What is the current state of artificial intelligence (AI) in the world of scholarly communication? What impact does AI have on the practices and strategies of publishers, libraries, information technology companies, and researchers? What exactly is AI and what are those in the realm of scholarly communication actually thinking about it and doing with it?

This Charleston Briefing seeks to provide some answers to these very important questions, offering both general essays on AI and more specific essays on AI in scholarly publishing, academic libraries, and AI in information discovery and knowledge building. The essays will help publishers, librarians, and researchers better understand the actual impact of AI on libraries and publishing so that they can respond to the potentially transformative impact of AI in a measured and knowledgeable manner.

"Charleston Briefings: Trending Topics for Information Professionals" is a thought-provoking series of brief books concerning innovation in the sphere of libraries, publishing, and technology in scholarly communication. The briefings, growing out of the vital conversations characteristic of the Charleston Conference and Against the Grain, will offer valuable insights into the trends shaping our professional lives and the institutions in which we work.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Artificial intelligence is transforming our way of life. Able to spot patterns invisible to the human eye, algorithms are learning how to make our lives easier, safer, and more fun. That power is not lost on materials researchers. During the next decade, artificial intelligence or AI-driven research could fundamentally transform how new and better materials are developed. What’s more, it might even revamp how materials research itself is carried out, enabling promising new materials and processes to be developed more quickly. Machine learning methods come in a variety of flavors, with some requiring more guidance, or “supervision,” from researchers. But, generally, a machine-learning algorithm designed to discover and understand the behavior of materials looks for patterns connecting the composition, structure, and properties of known materials..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Bloom’s Taxonomy is often used as a resource to help higher education faculty assess what kinds or “levels” of learning are planned based on course-level outcomes and, relatedly, to align appropriate activities and assessments to support student learning and success. Oregon State University's E-Campus used Bloom’s Taxonomy as a touchstone for reconsidering course outcomes and student learning in the age of generative AI. The visual outline and accompanying narrative are intended for faculty use as a guide to reflect on their activities, assessments, and (possibly) course outcomes and begin to identify what changes may be needed to ensure meaningful learning going forward.

This is a playlist of videos from the Creative Commons Global Summit 2023. Videos include sessions that were either pre-recorded or recorded live in Mexico City during 3–6 October 2023.

This overview by CoSN delves into the facts and myths of AI:
"If you've had time to pay attention, you may have picked up on the noise happening in K-12
circles around ChatGPT and the myriad of other AI web tools that suddenly are in the spotlight.
Why all the noise and how do EdTech minded administrators respond?"

This lesson centers around the How AI Works: Chatbots and Large Language Models video from the How AI Works video series. Watch this video first before exploring the lesson plan.

Large Language Models (LLMs) generate new text. The text LLMs generate looks like a human might have written it because large language models are built based on large bodies of text, such as Wikipedia. In this lesson, students learn what an LLM is and how it works, then use an LLM to co-create a text with AI. Finally, the class wraps up with a discussion about whether or not LLMs are intelligent or creative.

This lesson can be taught on its own, or as part of a 7-lesson sequence on How AI Works. Duration: 45 minutes

This course is an introduction to computational theories of human cognition. Drawing on formal models from classic and contemporary artificial intelligence, students will explore fundamental issues in human knowledge representation, inductive learning and reasoning. What are the forms that our knowledge of the world takes? What are the inductive principles that allow us to acquire new knowledge from the interaction of prior knowledge with observed data? What kinds of data must be available to human learners, and what kinds of innate knowledge (if any) must they have?

This lesson centers around the How AI Works: Computer Vision video from the How AI Works video series. Watch this video first before exploring the lesson plan.

Students learn how computer vision works. They first look at optical illusions to identify the features of the drawing that their eyes noticed. Students watch a video explaining computer vision and how a computer "sees". They design an algorithm that uses a network to decide what number the seven segment display is displaying. Finally, students test their algorithm.

This lesson can be taught on its own, or as part of a 7-lesson sequence on How AI Works. Duration: 45 minutes

In this section, you will learn about the importance of ethical considerations and implications of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI), particularly Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT. This section highlights that LLMs are not inherently good or bad. Instead, the importance of user engagement in ethical practices is emphasized to ensure responsible use of these tools.

Ethical considerations for educators include attention to student privacy, expectations, and consequences—all of which should clearly be defined in syllabus statements, classroom policies, or institutional statements. Meanwhile, ethical implications exist involving varying ethical standards for how people approach LLMs differently, how human and machine bias influence GenAI, and how style guides differ on citing information garnered from ChatGPT.

After reading this section, you should be able to articulate your own ethical queries and concerns related to LLMs, such as ChatGPT, both as a general user and an educator.

Author: C. Anneke Snyder
Contributors: Gwendolyn Inocencio, Mary Landry, Jonahs Kneitly
Designers: Irene AI, Sweta Kailani
Supervisors: Terri Pantuso, Sarah LeMire

This course examines computers anthropologically, as artifacts revealing the social orders and cultural practices that create them. Students read classic texts in computer science along with cultural analyses of computing history and contemporary configurations. It explores the history of automata, automation and capitalist manufacturing; cybernetics and WWII operations research; artificial intelligence and gendered subjectivity; robots, cyborgs, and artificial life; creation and commoditization of the personal computer; the growth of the Internet as a military, academic, and commercial project; hackers and gamers; technobodies and virtual sociality. Emphasis is placed on how ideas about gender and other social differences shape labor practices, models of cognition, hacking culture, and social media.

Humans are social animals; social demands, both cooperative and competitive, structure our development, our brain and our mind. This course covers social development, social behaviour, social cognition and social neuroscience, in both human and non-human social animals. Topics include altruism, empathy, communication, theory of mind, aggression, power, groups, mating, and morality. Methods include evolutionary biology, neuroscience, cognitive science, social psychology and anthropology.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Artificial Intelligence and blockchain technologies are revolutionizing how various industries work, including the accounting industry. As the tools of the trade grow smarter, what will the future landscape of accounting look like? And where will accounting grads find a place in it? Researchers address these and other questions in a recent review published in the journal IEEE Access. AI and blockchain technologies are already having a big impact on how accounting firms run. Deloitte has created a voice analysis tool that monitors customer interactions and identifies high-risk interactions through natural language processing. PricewaterhouseCoopers has an entire AI audit lab designed to improve audit quality and operational efficiency, and Ernst & Young has developed Blockchain Analyzer, which enables in-depth reviews of cryptocurrecy transactions. Accounting students are recommended to hone their programming skills and stay abreast of emerging technologies to thrive in this fast-changing environment..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

15. Brave New World: Ethical Considerations and Risks

The trifecta of globalization, urbanization and digitization have created new opportunities and challenges across our nation, cities, boroughs and urban centers. Cities in particular are in a unique position at the center of commerce and technology becoming hubs for innovation and practical application of emerging technology. In this rapidly changing 24/7 digitized world, governments are leveraging innovation and technology to become more effective, efficient, transparent and to be able to better plan for and anticipate the needs of its citizens, businesses and community organizations. This class will provide the framework for how cities and communities can become smarter and more accessible with technology and more connected.

This book is the result of a co-design project in a class in the Masters of Education program at the University of Calgary. The course, and the resulting book, focus primarily on the safe and ethical use of technology in digital learning environments. The course was organized according to four topics based on Farrow’s (2016) Framework for the Ethics of Open Education and discusses Artificial Intelligence (AI) , social networking services (SNS), 3D printing, resource sharing, adaptive learning systems, STEM, assistive technologies, admissions, and communications. In each of the nine chapters, the authors discuss the connection to the value of technology in education, and practical possibilities of learning technologies for inclusive, participatory, democratic, and pluralistic educational paradigms.

Short Description:
This book is the result of a co-design project in a class in the Masters of Education program at the University of Calgary. The course, and the resulting book, focus primarily on the safe and ethical use of technology in digital learning environments. The course was organized according to four topics based on Farrow’s (2016) Framework for the Ethics of Open Education.This is the first of 2 Versions of this pressbook. Click on Volume 2 for information.

Long Description:
This book is the result of a co-design project in a class in the Masters of Education program at the University of Calgary. The course, and the resulting book, focus primarily on the safe and ethical use of technology in digital learning environments. The course was organized according to four topics based on Farrow’s (2016) Framework for the Ethics of Open Education. Students were asked to review, analyze, and synthesize each topic from three meta-ethical theoretical positions: deontological, consequentialist, and virtue ethical (Farrow, 2016). The chapters in this open educational resource (OER) were co-designed using a participatory pedagogy with the intention to share and mobilize knowledge with a broader audience. The first three chapters in the book discuss specific ethical considerations related to technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) , social networking services (SNS), and 3D printing. The next four chapters shift to a broader discussion of resource sharing, adaptive learning systems, STEM, and assistive technologies. The final two chapters discuss admissions and communications that need to be considered from an institutional perspective. In each of the nine chapters, the authors discuss the connection to the value of technology in education, and practical possibilities of learning technologies for inclusive, participatory, democratic, and pluralistic educational paradigms.

Word Count: 56853

ISBN: 0-88953-438-1

(Note: This resource's metadata has been created automatically by reformatting and/or combining the information that the author initially provided as part of a bulk import process.)

The Ethics of AI is a free online course created by the University of Helsinki. The course is for anyone who is interested in the ethical aspects of AI – we want to encourage people to learn what AI ethics means, what can and can’t be done to develop AI in an ethically sustainable way, and how to start thinking about AI from an ethical point of view.

The onset of new, more accessible, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies marks a significant turning point for libraries, ushering in a period rich with both unparalleled opportunities and complex challenges. In this era of swift technological transformation, libraries stand at a critical intersection. To effectively chart this transition, two quick polls were conducted among members of the Association of Research Libraries (ARL).

The first poll, which ran in April 2023, provided an initial snapshot of the AI landscape in libraries. The second poll, carried out in December 2023, continued this inquiry, offering a comparative perspective on the evolving dynamics of AI use and possibilities in library services. This study analyzes and juxtaposes the outcomes of these two surveys to better understand how library leaders are managing the complexities of integrating AI into their operations and services. It specifically seeks to capture changing perspectives on the potential impact of AI, assess the extent of AI exploration and implementation within libraries, and identify AI applications relevant to the current library environment.

The insights derived from this comparative analysis shed light on the role of libraries in an increasingly AI-driven era, providing strategic directions and highlighting practices in research libraries.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Congenital heart defects affect approximately 1% of all babies born each year and account for almost 20% of all newborn deaths. Early diagnosis while still in the womb can greatly improve an affected baby’s chance of survival. Unfortunately, diagnosis relies exclusively on ultrasound imaging, where accurate readings aren’t guaranteed. Researchers in Japan are tackling this problem by enlisting the help of artificial intelligence. More importantly, they’re helping the doctors entrusted with patient care to understand how AI programs spot heart defects. Advancements in artificial intelligence have improved how congenital heart defects are diagnosed. Ultrasound videos of fetal hearts beating normally and others with structural defects can be studied with AI, which can then determine whether the fetal hearts in new videos are abnormal or not..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Advances in cognitive science have resolved, clarified, and sometimes complicated some of the great questions of Western philosophy: what is the structure of the world and how do we come to know it; does everyone represent the world the same way; what is the best way for us to act in the world. Specific topics include color, objects, number, categories, similarity, inductive inference, space, time, causality, reasoning, decision-making, morality and consciousness. Readings and discussion include a brief philosophical history of each topic and focus on advances in cognitive and developmental psychology, computation, neuroscience, and related fields. At least one subject in cognitive science, psychology, philosophy, linguistics, or artificial intelligence is required. An additional project is required for graduate credit.