Learning and Understanding Mathematical Concepts in the Areas of Water Distribution and Water Treatment

This graduate seminar is taught in a lecture and lab exercise format. The subject matter is tailored to introduce Environmental Engineering students to the use and potential of Geographic Information Systems in their discipline. Lectures will cover the general concepts of GIS use and introduce the material in the exercises, and exercises will introduce students to the practical application of GIS.

"This class is one of the core requirements for the Environmental Masters of Engineering program, in conjunction with 1.133 Masters of Engineering Concepts of Engineering Practice. It is designed to teach about environmental engineering through the use of case studies, computer software tools, and seminars from industrial experts. Case studies provide the basis for group projects as well as individual theses. Recent 1.782 projects include the MMR Superfund site on Cape Cod, appropriate wastewater treatment technology for Brazil and Honduras, point-of-use water treatment and safe storage procedures for Nepal and Ghana, Brownfields Development in Providence, RI, and water resource planning for the island of Cyprus and refugee settlements in Thailand. This class spans the entire academic year; students must register for the Fall and Spring terms."

The studio will focus on the district of Gaoming, located in the northwest of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) - the fastest growing and most productive region of China. The District has recently completed a planning effort in which several design institutes and a Hong Kong planning firm prepared ideas for a new central area near the river. The class will complement these efforts by focusing on planning and design options on the waterfront of the proposed new district and ways of integrating water/hydrological factors into all aspects and land uses of a modern city (residential, commercial, industrial) - including watershed and natural ecosystem protection, economic and recreational activities, transportation, and tourism.

Relation of purpose of data to data requirements. Relation of data to costs.
Accuracy requirements of measurements and error propagation:
Related to a problem the required accuracy of measurements and the consequences for accuracy in the final result are discussed. Different types of errors are handled. Propagation of errors; for dependent and independent measurements, from mathematical relations and regression is demonstrated. Recapitulated is the theory of regression and correlation.
Interpretation of measurements, data completion: By standard statistical methods screening of measured data is performed; double mass analysis, residual mass, simple rainfall-runoff modelling. Detection of trends; split record tests, Spearman rank tests. Methods to fill data gaps and do filtering on data series for noise reduction.
Methods of hydrological measurements and measuring equipment: To determine quantitatively the most important elements in the hydrological cycle an overview is presented of most common hydrological measurements, measuring equipment and indirect determination methods i.e. for precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, river discharge and groundwater tables. Use, purpose and measurement techniques for tracers in hydrology is discussed.
Advantages and disadvantages and specific condition/application of methods are discussed. Equipment is demonstrated and discussed.
Areal distributed observation: Areal interpolation techniques of point observations: inverse distance, Thiessen, contouring, Kriging. Comparison of interpolation techniques and estimation of errors. Correlation analysis of areal distributed observation of rainfall
Design of measuring networks: Based on correlation characteristics from point measurements (e.g. rainfall stations) and accuracy requirements the design of a network of stations is demonstrated.

-De hydrologie van Nederland in historisch perspectief en de rol van de mens daarin (de vroege geschiedenis; waterbeheersing van af het begin van de 17e eeuw; grote werken);-Hydrologie van Nederland (geologie; neerslag en verdamping; oppervlaktewater; gro

This course, is designed to be a descriptive and analytical overview of water organs, availability, location and flow. It will be examined in the light of problems, possibilities and policy and consider historical perspectives.

The course deals with the principles of hydrology of catchment areas, rivers and deltas. The students will learn:

1). to understand the relations between hydrological processes in catchment areas
2?. to understand and to calculate the propagation of flood waves
3). to understand hydrological processes in deltas
4). to draft frequency analysis of extremes under different climatological conditions.

In dit college wordt een introductie gegeven van een groot aantal facetten van de scheepshydromechanica en hun onderlinge samenhang zoals die later in de studie meer als geisoleerde onderwerpen aan bod komen. Behandeld worden: de hydrostatica, de geometrie beschrijving van het schip, inleiding lijnenplan, het begrip stabiliteit, de stabiliteit van drijvende lichamen, eenvoudige stabiliteit berekening bij kleine helling hoeken, de weerstand van lichamen onder water en aan het oppervlak, eenvoudige weerstand benaderings methoden voor schepen, de model wetten in de hydromechanica, de extrapolatie methode van Froude, de lift van een vleugel, de vleugel karakteristieken, de toepassing hiervan bij voortstuwing en bij scheepsschroeven, de schroef karakteristieken en een eenvoudige schroef berekening, en tenslotte de fysica van het zeilen en zeilvoortstuwing. Leerdoelen De student kan: 1. de basis van systeem analyse beschrijven (buitenwereld, interfaces, beperkingen, objecten, relaties enz.) 2. maritieme systemen zoals schip/motor/schroef beschrijven en modelleren met behulp van beperkte systeem analyse methodologie; eenvoudige maritieme systemen modelleren door onderverdeling in subsystemen en componenten 3. evenwicht condities van maritieme systemen bepalen en kwalitatief analyseren 4. de definities en belangrijkste karakteristieken van weerstand, voortstuwing en manoeuvreren (snelheid, weerstand, vermogen, RPM, draaicapaciteit) begrijpen en toepassen 5. de relaties tussen algemeen vloeistof dynamica en scheepshydromechanica (bijv. lift/aerodynamica/zeilen; visceuze stroming/Reynolds getal/volgstroomvelden/voortstuwingsrendement; laminair & visceuze stroming/weerstand; niet visceuze stroming/golf patronen/weerstand) beschrijven 6. de achtergrond van de belangrijkste schaal regels (Newton, Froude, Reynolds) d.m.v dimensie analyse uitleggen 7. schaalregels voor schaalmodel experimenten in een sleeptank toepassen en potentiĚÇle complicaties identificeren

Fenomenologische beschrijving van de stroming om een schip classificatie van weerstandscomponenten en parametrische methoden voor de berekening van de scheepsweerstand. Daarnaast wordt uitgelegd hoe de scheepsweerstand experimenteel bepaald kan worden.

Voor scheepsschroeven wordt aangegeven hoe de complete geometrie beschreven kan worden, hoe de stuwkracht en koppel uit een parametrische beschrijving kan worden berekend m.b.v. een systematische schroevenserie en via een ideaal stromings model (actuator schijf). Een introductie in cavitatie (vorming van waterdamp gebieden) is onderdeel van de cursus.

Hoofdpunten: De cursus geeft een kennismaking met infrastructuur voor Watermanagement. Voor Waterbeheer ligt de focus op ontwatering, afwatering, wateraanvoer en het ontwerpen van eenvoudige aan- en afvoersystemen. Voor Civiele gezondheidstechniek ligt de focus op Gezondheidstechniek en volksgezondheid, drinkwatervoorziening en Integraal waterbeheer. Leerdoelen: Begrip van basisopzet infrastructuur Watermanagement. Eenvoudige systemen kunnen ontwerpen.

The lectures introduce a number of topics that are important for IWRM and the modeling exercise. The lectures introduce water management issues in the Netherlands, Rhine Basin, and Volta Basin. The role-play is meant to experience some of the social processes that, together with technical knowledge, determine water management.

The course will discuss the objectives and functions of water management systems for irrigation and drainage purposes. Analysing system requirements in terms of technical engineering constraints, management possibilities and water users (wishes and options) is central. This includes the design and operation of regulation structures, dams, reservoirs, weirs and conveyance systems; balancing water supply and water requirements in time and space is a main focus of analysis too.

This course, Measurements for Water is in Dutch, but the following parts are in English:Lectures: Waterbalans Water balance)ReadingsDit vak gaat in op het hoe te doen van typische metingen op het vakgebied van gezondheidstechniek (waterkwaliteit), hydrologie, waterbeheer, waterbouw en vloeistofmechanica (waterkwantiteit).Onderdelen hierin zijn: het herkennen van de relevante parameters, leren over meetmethodes, meetapparatuur, nauwkeurigheid, opstellen van een meetplan, veiligheid, het zelf doen van metingen (laboratorium e/o in het veld) en bewerken en verwerken van gegevens.In een workshop wordt er geleerd met beschikbare electronica componenten een eigen meetsensor te bouwen.Leerdoelen- In staat zijn aan te geven welke parameters van belang zijn bij een bepaald proces- In staat zijn aan te geven hoe de parameters gemeten kunnen worden- Geschikte meetapparatuur kunnen kiezen- Een meetplan kunnen maken (uitvoering, tijd, duur, kosten, veiligheid)- Basis principes electronica in de meettechniek begrijpen en kunnen toepassen

Part 2 of offshore hydromechanics (OE4630) involves the linear theory of calculating 1st order motions of floating structures in waves and all relevant subjects such as the concept of RAOs, response spectra and downtime/workability analysis.

Offshore Hydromechanics includes the following modules:1. Hydrostatics, static floating stability, constant 2-D potential flow of ideal fluids, and flows in real fluids. Introduction to resistance and propulsion of ships. Review of linear regular and irregular wave theory. 2. Analytical and numerical means to determine the flow around, forces on, and motions of floating bodies in waves. 3. Higher order potential theory and inclusion of non-linear effects in ship motions. Applications to motion of moored ships and to the determination of workability. 4. Interaction between the sea and sea bottom as well as the hydrodynamic forces and especially survival loads on slender structures.

Water transport through pipes, pressure losses, (pressure) network design and building, pump selection, pumping stations, power supply, quantitative reliability, operation and maintenance.

" This course is a client-based land analysis and site planning project. The primary focus of the course changes from year to year. This year the focus is on Japan's New Towns. Students will review land inventory, analysis, and planning of sites and the infrastructure systems that serve them.ĺĘThey willĺĘalso examine spatial organization of uses, parcelization, design of roadways, grading, utility systems, stormwater runoff, parking, traffic and off-site impacts, as well as landscaping. LecturesĺĘwill coverĺĘanalytical techniques and examples of good site-planning practice. Requirements include a series of Assignments and Labs and a client-based project."

The course discusses several Geopgraphical Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) tools relevant for analysis of (problems in and aspects of) water systems. Within the course, several applications are introduced. These applications include GIS tools to determine mapping of surface water systems (catchment delineation, reservoirs and canal systems). The RS tools include determination of evaporation and soil moisture patterns, and measurement of water levels in surface water systems. In exercises and lectures, different tools and applications are offered. For each application, assignments are given to allow students to acquire relevant skills. The course structure combines assignments and introductory lectures. Each week participants work on one assignment. These assignments are discussed in the next lecture and graded. Each week a new assignment is introduced, together with supporting materials (an article discussing the relevant application) and lectures (introducing theoretical issues). The study material of the course consists of a study guide, assignments, lecture material and articles. The final mark is the average of the grades of the individual assignments.

" A great variety of processes affect the surface of the Earth. Topics to be covered are production and movement of surficial materials; soils and soil erosion; precipitation; streams and lakes; groundwater flow; glaciers and their deposits. The course combines aspects of geology, climatology, hydrology, and soil science to present a coherent introduction to the surface of the Earth, with emphasis on both fundamental concepts and practical applications, as a basis for understanding and intelligent management of the Earth's physical and chemical environment."